近年來許多國際性的非營利組織(iNGO)受到很多的批評與壓力。多為組織總部的北半球和通常負責營運的南半球之間的階級式關係與權力分配受到質疑。國際非營利機構一方面面對需求、對贊助者負責，另一方面面對社區，努力從中找到平衡。這些iNGO組織員工也表示，工作的真正目的，像是推動人權或是回應環境的挑戰這些理想，往往在官僚體系中流失。也有人說這些大型國際組織無法以明快的步調來因應運作框架的改變。同時，COVID-19疫情對於國際非營利機構影響的程度，目前仍無法掌握全貌。

因應個人、組織、系統整體不斷面對的挑戰

在2020年初期，一群iNGO、NGO、捐贈組織、顧問、平台、學術界的變革推動者聚集一堂，想要探索可以「再發明國際非營利組織體制」的不同選擇。這一群人是由Reos Partners與Purpose & Motion所號召，由Oak Foundation基金會所贊助。在這過程中，這個團體針對2030的iNGO可能的未來構思出四個情境。這些情境敘述的並不是會發生的故事（不是預測）或是應該如何發展（不是建議），而是在接下來的幾年的iNGO的體系和周邊環境可能會發生的狀況。這些故事是以有關連性、目前政治、經濟、社會、文化與國際動態，以及因應COVID-19所出現的各種反應為基礎所發想出的情境。

對COVID-19所浮現的故事與多元的反應: 四種可能的情境

「為了生存而妥協」所敘述的故事，是一個分裂的iNGO分支。受限於有限的預算以及對於人權和其他主張支持的削弱，國家級的NGO和許多重要的iNGO都將自己定位成政府服務計畫的有效執行單位。一些iNGO拒絕如此妥協，在國家層面補足議題推動上的落差，但是需要努力維持下去。

在「重新配置的人性」的世界裡，焦點從「資本福利(welfare of capital)」轉變成「人類的福祉(human welfare)」。對COVID-19的反應也顯示出跨部會合作的效益，以及政治力和國際合作的力量。有些iNGO展現快速回應巨大人口需求，適時撥出經費的能力。

「將企業作為解決方案」敘述的故事則是聚焦在COVID-19之後經濟體制的恢復力。這樣就削弱了國際非營利機構的影響力，因此得到的預算非常低，因此無法因應2030世界所面對的許多人道與發展上的挑戰。但是，社會企業與目標導向的企業會漸漸承接許多iNGO的工作。

「枯竭的草根復興運動」的世界裡，iNGO開始用比較成本效益較高、非集中的分散式作法來重整組織的工作，更聚焦於權力、經費的轉移，更重視貼近他們核心框架的聲音。他們改變自己組織的文化，開始處理一些問題，包括從內在權力不平衡而導致的種族歧視和性別歧視等議題。

在iNGO內展開資訊性的策略對話

這四個情境都有前潛力在iNGO裡展開資訊性的策略對話，並與資助者與夥伴們討論組織。內部組織文化、領導者、總部與現場人員的權力分配，以及iNGO是否具備針對需求改變而調整的能力，這些議題都會影響國際非營利機構在未來的立足點。我們誠摯邀請大家廣泛使用這些情境，比方說可以用來讓國際非營利機構的同仁與董事會參與對話，討論類似這樣的問題：

您的國際非營利組織該如何為這樣的未來做準備？

您的組織要如何影響iNGO系統的未來？

目前COVID-19的危機還有對於種族不平等的討論，該如何用來讓您的組織在長遠規劃下有更好的發展？

「重塑國際非營利組織體制」的過程也仍然繼續進行中。接下來這個團體將會探索哪些要素、哪些可行的方式可以最有效推動更公平、更可續、更有效的iNGO系統，還有他們在個人層面、集體層面能推動什麼樣的改變。

原文出處: Reos Partners 公司，創始人『力與愛』一書的作者亞當可漢(Adam Khan)

https://reospartners.com/possible-futures-reinventing-the-internati…

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CP Yen Foundation Dialogue Newsletter,
Autumn Issue   September 2020

Possible futures:
reinventing the international NGO system for 2030

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n recent years, many international Non-Government Organizations (iNGOs) have come under increasing criticism and pressure. Hierarchical relationships and power distribution between headquarters in the Global North and operative staff in the Global South are questioned. iNGOs struggle to balance demands and accountability to funders on one side and target communities on the other side. Staff of iNGOs report the true purpose of the work, such as advancing human rights or addressing environmental challenges, is often lost amidst bureaucratic processes. It is also said these larger international organizations fail to adapt quickly enough to changes in the contexts they operate in. Meanwhile, the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on iNGOs still cannot be fully foreseen.

Addressing challenges that individuals, organizations, and the system as a whole come up against time and again

In early 2020, a group of changemakers from iNGOs, NGOs, donor organizations, consultants, platforms, and academia came together to explore options to “Re-invent the iNGO system”. This group was convened by Reos Partners and Purpose & Motion with support from the Oak Foundation. As part of the process, the group developed four scenarios about possible futures of the iNGO system in 2030. These scenarios are not stories about what will happen (forecasts) or what should happen (recommendations) but about what could happen over the coming years in and around the iNGO system. The stories are based on relevant, current political, economic, social, cultural, and international dynamics and the trends emerging from the diverse responses to COVID-19.

Emerging stories and diverse responses to COVID-19

“Compromise to survive” tells the story of a divided iNGO sector. Pressured by budgetary constraints and shrinking support for human rights and other advocacy work, national level NGOs and many major iNGOs position themselves as effective implementers of government service provision programmes. A few iNGOs resist this compromise and fill the advocacy gap at the national level, but struggle to survive.

In the world of “Reconfigured humanity”, the focus shifts from the “welfare of capital” to “human welfare”. The response to COVID-19 demonstrates the benefits of collaboration across sectors and the power of political will and international cooperation. Some iNGOs prove their ability to respond quickly to the needs of marginalized populations where funding is made available.

“Business as the solution” tells the story of focusing on economic recovery from COVID-19. This leads to diminishing influence for iNGOs, which in this scenario are poorly funded and thus poorly equipped to tackle many of the humanitarian and development challenges of the 2030 world. However, social enterprises and purpose-led businesses increasingly take over the work done by many iNGOs.

In the world of “A depleted grassroots revival”, iNGOs begin reorganizing their work in a more cost-effective, decentralized manner, with a stronger focus on shifting power, funding, and valuing the voices of those closest to their own contexts. They improve their own organizational cultures, including tackling racism and sexism stemming from inherent power imbalances.

Informing strategic conversations within iNGOs

The four scenarios have the potential to inform strategic conversations within iNGOs and of iNGOs with funders and partners. Issues of internal organizational culture and leadership, power distribution between headquarters and operational staff in the field, and the ability of iNGOs to adapt to changing demands will determine the relevance of iNGOs in the future. We invite wide-spread use of the scenarios, for example by engaging staff and boards of iNGOs in conversations on questions such as:

• How can your I/NGO prepare for such futures?
• What can your organization do to influence the future of the iNGO system?
• How can the current COVID-19 crisis as well as the debate on racial equity be used to renew your organization in the long-term?

The process “Re-inventing the iNGO System” is continuing. Going forward, the group will explore what factors or leverage points may be most effective to drive for a fairer, more sustainable and more effective iNGO system and what change they individually and collectively can initiate.

Reos Partners Inc，the founder is the author of 『Power and Love』Adam Khan

https://reospartners.com/possible-futures-reinventing-the-internati…